affaan-m/ECC

kotlin-coroutines-flows

Use it for design tasks; the detail page covers purpose, installation, and practical steps.

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npx skills add https://github.com/affaan-m/ECC --skill "docs/zh-CN/skills/kotlin-coroutines-flows"
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Source-grounded documentation guide: kotlin-coroutines-flows

适用于 Android 和 Kotlin 多平台项目的结构化并发模式、基于 Flow 的响应式流以及协程测试。

npx skills add https://github.com/affaan-m/ECC --skill "docs/zh-CN/skills/kotlin-coroutines-flows"
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537 source words · 21 usable sections

Documentation workflow

Read kotlin-coroutines-flows through these 5 source sections

Sections are extracted automatically from the pinned SKILL.md and link back to the source.

01

何时启用

使用 Kotlin 协程编写异步代码 使用 Flow、StateFlow 或 SharedFlow 实现响应式数据 处理并发操作(并行加载、防抖、重试) 测试协程和 Flow 管理协程作用域与取消

SKILL.md · 何时启用
使用 Kotlin 协程编写异步代码使用 Flow、StateFlow 或 SharedFlow 实现响应式数据处理并发操作(并行加载、防抖、重试)
02

结构化并发

始终使用结构化并发——绝不使用 GlobalScope:

SKILL.md · 结构化并发
始终使用结构化并发——绝不使用 GlobalScope:使用 coroutineScope + async 处理并行工作:当子协程失败不应取消同级协程时,使用 supervisorScope:
03

作用域层级

始终使用结构化并发——绝不使用 GlobalScope:

SKILL.md · 作用域层级
始终使用结构化并发——绝不使用 GlobalScope:
04

并行分解

使用 coroutineScope + async 处理并行工作:

SKILL.md · 并行分解
使用 coroutineScope + async 处理并行工作:
05

SupervisorScope

当子协程失败不应取消同级协程时,使用 supervisorScope:

SKILL.md · SupervisorScope
当子协程失败不应取消同级协程时,使用 supervisorScope:

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Use kotlin-coroutines-flows for this documentation task: [task]. Inputs and constraints: [details]. Work through these pinned SKILL.md sections: “何时启用”, “结构化并发”, “作用域层级”, “并行分解”, “SupervisorScope”. Cite the concrete requirements that shape each step, do not invent capabilities absent from the source, and verify the result against: [acceptance criteria].

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What does the kotlin-coroutines-flows source document cover?

适用于 Android 和 Kotlin 多平台项目的结构化并发模式、基于 Flow 的响应式流以及协程测试。

How do I install kotlin-coroutines-flows?

The source record exposes this install command: npx skills add https://github.com/affaan-m/ECC --skill "docs/zh-CN/skills/kotlin-coroutines-flows". Inspect the command and pinned source before running it.

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kotlin-coroutines-flows by affaan-m

Kotlin Coroutines and Flow patterns for Android and KMP — structured concurrency, Flow operators, StateFlow, error handling, and testing.

kotlin-coroutines-flows by affaan-m

Use it for design tasks; the detail page covers purpose, installation, and practical steps.

ab-testing by coreyhaines31

When the user wants to plan, design, or implement an A/B test or experiment, or build a growth experimentation program. Also use when the user mentions "A/B test," "split test," "experiment," "test this change," "variant copy," "multivariate test," "hypothesis," "should I test this," "which version is better," "test two versions," "statistical significance," "how long should I run this test," "growth experiments," "experiment velocity," "experiment backlog," "ICE score," "experimentation program

churn-prevention by coreyhaines31

When the user wants to reduce churn, build cancellation flows, set up save offers, recover failed payments, or implement retention strategies. Also use when the user mentions 'churn,' 'cancel flow,' 'offboarding,' 'save offer,' 'dunning,' 'failed payment recovery,' 'win-back,' 'retention,' 'exit survey,' 'pause subscription,' 'involuntary churn,' 'people keep canceling,' 'churn rate is too high,' 'how do I keep users,' or 'customers are leaving.' Use this whenever someone is losing subscribers o

design-intelligence by event4u-app

Grounded design brief from the adopted corpus — style, WCAG-checked color tokens, typography, layout pattern, anti-patterns. Use on ui-design-brief or any which-style/palette/font/chart decision.

View original Skill.mdThis page is parsed directly from the repository SKILL.md without editorial rewriting. Collected: Jul 28, 2026 · about 1 min

Kotlin 协程与 Flow

适用于 Android 和 Kotlin 多平台项目的结构化并发模式、基于 Flow 的响应式流以及协程测试。

何时启用

  • 使用 Kotlin 协程编写异步代码
  • 使用 Flow、StateFlow 或 SharedFlow 实现响应式数据
  • 处理并发操作(并行加载、防抖、重试)
  • 测试协程和 Flow
  • 管理协程作用域与取消

结构化并发

作用域层级

Application
  └── viewModelScope (ViewModel)
        └── coroutineScope { } (结构化子作用域)
              ├── async { } (并发任务)
              └── async { } (并发任务)

始终使用结构化并发——绝不使用 GlobalScope

// BAD
GlobalScope.launch { fetchData() }

// GOOD — scoped to ViewModel lifecycle
viewModelScope.launch { fetchData() }

// GOOD — scoped to composable lifecycle
LaunchedEffect(key) { fetchData() }

并行分解

使用 coroutineScope + async 处理并行工作:

suspend fun loadDashboard(): Dashboard = coroutineScope {
    val items = async { itemRepository.getRecent() }
    val stats = async { statsRepository.getToday() }
    val profile = async { userRepository.getCurrent() }
    Dashboard(
        items = items.await(),
        stats = stats.await(),
        profile = profile.await()
    )
}

SupervisorScope

当子协程失败不应取消同级协程时,使用 supervisorScope

suspend fun syncAll() = supervisorScope {
    launch { syncItems() }       // failure here won't cancel syncStats
    launch { syncStats() }
    launch { syncSettings() }
}

Flow 模式

Cold Flow —— 一次性操作到流的转换

fun observeItems(): Flow<List<Item>> = flow {
    // Re-emits whenever the database changes
    itemDao.observeAll()
        .map { entities -> entities.map { it.toDomain() } }
        .collect { emit(it) }
}

用于 UI 状态的 StateFlow

class DashboardViewModel(
    observeProgress: ObserveUserProgressUseCase
) : ViewModel() {
    val progress: StateFlow<UserProgress> = observeProgress()
        .stateIn(
            scope = viewModelScope,
            started = SharingStarted.WhileSubscribed(5_000),
            initialValue = UserProgress.EMPTY
        )
}

WhileSubscribed(5_000) 会在最后一个订阅者离开后,保持上游活动 5 秒——可在配置更改时存活而无需重启。

组合多个 Flow

val uiState: StateFlow<HomeState> = combine(
    itemRepository.observeItems(),
    settingsRepository.observeTheme(),
    userRepository.observeProfile()
) { items, theme, profile ->
    HomeState(items = items, theme = theme, profile = profile)
}.stateIn(viewModelScope, SharingStarted.WhileSubscribed(5_000), HomeState())

Flow 操作符

// Debounce search input
searchQuery
    .debounce(300)
    .distinctUntilChanged()
    .flatMapLatest { query -> repository.search(query) }
    .catch { emit(emptyList()) }
    .collect { results -> _state.update { it.copy(results = results) } }

// Retry with exponential backoff
fun fetchWithRetry(): Flow<Data> = flow { emit(api.fetch()) }
    .retryWhen { cause, attempt ->
        if (cause is IOException && attempt < 3) {
            delay(1000L * (1 shl attempt.toInt()))
            true
        } else {
            false
        }
    }

用于一次性事件的 SharedFlow

class ItemListViewModel : ViewModel() {
    private val _effects = MutableSharedFlow<Effect>()
    val effects: SharedFlow<Effect> = _effects.asSharedFlow()

    sealed interface Effect {
        data class ShowSnackbar(val message: String) : Effect
        data class NavigateTo(val route: String) : Effect
    }

    private fun deleteItem(id: String) {
        viewModelScope.launch {
            repository.delete(id)
            _effects.emit(Effect.ShowSnackbar("Item deleted"))
        }
    }
}

// Collect in Composable
LaunchedEffect(Unit) {
    viewModel.effects.collect { effect ->
        when (effect) {
            is Effect.ShowSnackbar -> snackbarHostState.showSnackbar(effect.message)
            is Effect.NavigateTo -> navController.navigate(effect.route)
        }
    }
}

调度器

// CPU-intensive work
withContext(Dispatchers.Default) { parseJson(largePayload) }

// IO-bound work
withContext(Dispatchers.IO) { database.query() }

// Main thread (UI) — default in viewModelScope
withContext(Dispatchers.Main) { updateUi() }

在 KMP 中,使用 Dispatchers.DefaultDispatchers.Main(在所有平台上可用)。Dispatchers.IO 仅适用于 JVM/Android——在其他平台上使用 Dispatchers.Default 或通过依赖注入提供。

取消

协作式取消

长时间运行的循环必须检查取消状态:

suspend fun processItems(items: List<Item>) = coroutineScope {
    for (item in items) {
        ensureActive()  // throws CancellationException if cancelled
        process(item)
    }
}

使用 try/finally 进行清理

viewModelScope.launch {
    try {
        _state.update { it.copy(isLoading = true) }
        val data = repository.fetch()
        _state.update { it.copy(data = data) }
    } finally {
        _state.update { it.copy(isLoading = false) }  // always runs, even on cancellation
    }
}

测试

使用 Turbine 测试 StateFlow

@Test
fun `search updates item list`() = runTest {
    val fakeRepository = FakeItemRepository().apply { emit(testItems) }
    val viewModel = ItemListViewModel(GetItemsUseCase(fakeRepository))

    viewModel.state.test {
        assertEquals(ItemListState(), awaitItem())  // initial

        viewModel.onSearch("query")
        val loading = awaitItem()
        assertTrue(loading.isLoading)

        val loaded = awaitItem()
        assertFalse(loaded.isLoading)
        assertEquals(1, loaded.items.size)
    }
}

使用 TestDispatcher 测试

@Test
fun `parallel load completes correctly`() = runTest {
    val viewModel = DashboardViewModel(
        itemRepo = FakeItemRepo(),
        statsRepo = FakeStatsRepo()
    )

    viewModel.load()
    advanceUntilIdle()

    val state = viewModel.state.value
    assertNotNull(state.items)
    assertNotNull(state.stats)
}

模拟 Flow

class FakeItemRepository : ItemRepository {
    private val _items = MutableStateFlow<List<Item>>(emptyList())

    override fun observeItems(): Flow<List<Item>> = _items

    fun emit(items: List<Item>) { _items.value = items }

    override suspend fun getItemsByCategory(category: String): Result<List<Item>> {
        return Result.success(_items.value.filter { it.category == category })
    }
}

应避免的反模式

  • 使用 GlobalScope——会导致协程泄漏,且无法结构化取消
  • 在没有作用域的情况下于 init {} 中收集 Flow——应使用 viewModelScope.launch
  • MutableStateFlow 与可变集合一起使用——始终使用不可变副本:_state.update { it.copy(list = it.list + newItem) }
  • 捕获 CancellationException——应让其传播以实现正确的取消
  • 使用 flowOn(Dispatchers.Main) 进行收集——收集调度器是调用方的调度器
  • @Composable 中创建 Flow 而不使用 remember——每次重组都会重新创建 Flow

参考

关于 Flow 在 UI 层的消费,请参阅技能:compose-multiplatform-patterns。 关于协程在各层中的适用位置,请参阅技能:android-clean-architecture

Source repo
affaan-m/ECC
Skill path
docs/zh-CN/skills/kotlin-coroutines-flows/SKILL.md
Commit SHA
4e973d3eaf92
Repository license
MIT
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